{"id":1103,"date":"2026-04-03T03:57:39","date_gmt":"2026-04-03T03:57:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.geo-tester.com\/?post_type=standard&#038;p=1103"},"modified":"2026-04-08T06:00:31","modified_gmt":"2026-04-08T06:00:31","slug":"astm-d5994","status":"publish","type":"standard","link":"https:\/\/www.geo-tester.com\/ro\/standard\/astm-d5994\/","title":{"rendered":"ASTM D5994"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Geomembranele texturate joac\u0103 un rol esen\u021bial \u00een c\u0103ptu\u0219elile depozitelor de de\u0219euri, \u00een sistemele de izolare a minelor, \u00een iazuri, canale, rezervoare \u0219i \u00een proiectele de protec\u021bie a mediului. Deoarece aceste materiale includ adesea asperit\u0103\u021bi, proeminen\u021be sau crest\u0103turi de suprafa\u021b\u0103, m\u0103surarea grosimii prin metoda conven\u021bional\u0103 a grosimii piciorului plat poate s\u0103 nu ofere date fiabile. ASTM D5994 stabile\u0219te o metod\u0103 specific\u0103 pentru determinarea grosimii miezului geomembranelor texturate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ASTM D5994 se concentreaz\u0103 pe grosimea minim\u0103 \u201cde la vale la vale\u201d mai degrab\u0103 dec\u00e2t pe \u00een\u0103l\u021bimea total\u0103 a suprafe\u021bei texturate. Aceast\u0103 valoare ajut\u0103 produc\u0103torii, laboratoarele \u0219i personalul de control al calit\u0103\u021bii s\u0103 evalueze consisten\u021ba produselor \u0219i s\u0103 prezic\u0103 performan\u021ba geomembranelor \u00een aplica\u021bii de teren solicitante.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ASTM D5994 \u0219i testul de grosime a miezului geomembranelor texturate<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>ASTM D5994 se refer\u0103 la determinarea grosimii miezului pentru geomembranele texturate utiliz\u00e2nd un indicator de grosime cu greutate moart\u0103 cu puncte de m\u0103surare special concepute. Metoda aplic\u0103 o for\u021b\u0103 specific\u0103 de 0,56 \u00b1 0,05 N pentru a asigura rezultate consecvente \u0219i repetabile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Spre deosebire de metodele de m\u0103surare a grosimii geomembranelor plate, ASTM D5994 impune ca v\u00e2rfurile calibrelor s\u0103 se afle \u00een interiorul v\u0103ilor dintre proeminen\u021bele suprafe\u021bei. Aceast\u0103 abordare m\u0103soar\u0103 adev\u0103rata grosime de baz\u0103 a foii de geomembran\u0103, mai degrab\u0103 dec\u00e2t \u00een\u0103l\u021bimea texturii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Standardul se aplic\u0103 geomembranelor texturate pe o singur\u0103 fa\u021b\u0103 \u0219i pe dou\u0103 fe\u021be utilizate \u00een mod obi\u0219nuit \u00een:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sisteme de acoperire a depozitelor de de\u0219euri<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tampoane de minerit prin levigare \u00een gr\u0103mezi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lagune de ape reziduale<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C\u0103ptu\u0219eli rezervor<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sisteme secundare de izolare<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aplica\u021bii de barier\u0103 de mediu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Grosimea miezului este una dintre cele mai importante propriet\u0103\u021bi ale geomembranelor texturate, deoarece influen\u021beaz\u0103 direct rezisten\u021ba la trac\u021biune, rezisten\u021ba la perforare, comportamentul de difuzie \u0219i durabilitatea pe termen lung.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Procedura de m\u0103surare a grosimii geomembranelor<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>ASTM D5994 define\u0219te o procedur\u0103 detaliat\u0103 de m\u0103surare a grosimii geomembranelor pentru a reduce varia\u021biile \u00eentre laboratoare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Preg\u0103tirea specimenului<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cencercarea necesit\u0103 probe reprezentative prelevate pe \u00eentreaga l\u0103\u021bime a rolei de geomembran\u0103. E\u0219antionarea ar trebui s\u0103 includ\u0103 loca\u021bii \u00een apropierea ambelor margini ale rolei, deoarece grosimea poate varia de-a lungul foii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Majoritatea laboratoarelor utilizeaz\u0103 probe circulare cu un diametru de aproximativ 75 mm. E\u0219antionul trebuie s\u0103 se extind\u0103 cu cel pu\u021bin 10 mm dincolo de punctele de m\u0103surare \u00een fiecare direc\u021bie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cenainte de testare, epruvetele trebuie s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 \u00eentr-o atmosfer\u0103 controlat\u0103 de:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>21 \u00b1 2 \u00b0C<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>60 \u00b1 10 % umiditate relativ\u0103<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Procesul de m\u0103surare<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Operatorul trece mai \u00eent\u00e2i la zero indicatorul de grosime a geomembranelor, \u00een absen\u021ba specimenului.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>E\u0219antionul este apoi plasat \u00eentre punctele de m\u0103surare opuse. Punctul de m\u0103surare superior trebuie s\u0103 intre \u00een contact cu punctele joase sau cu v\u0103ile suprafe\u021bei texturate, mai degrab\u0103 dec\u00e2t cu v\u00e2rfurile proeminen\u021belor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trebuie efectuate trei citiri pentru fiecare specimen. ASTM D5994 cere operatorului s\u0103 \u00eenregistreze cea mai mic\u0103 valoare ca grosime a epruvetei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dup\u0103 aplicarea \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103turii totale de greutate proprie timp de 5 secunde, operatorul \u00eenregistreaz\u0103 valoarea final\u0103 a grosimii la cea mai apropiat\u0103 0,025 mm sau 0,001 inch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Aceast\u0103 metod\u0103 reduce riscul de supraestimare a grosimii din cauza profilului ridicat al texturii.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cerin\u021be privind m\u0103surarea grosimii geomembranelor<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Un indicator adecvat al grosimii geomembranelor este esen\u021bial pentru conformitatea cu ASTM D5994.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Standardul specific\u0103 faptul c\u0103 instrumentul trebuie:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Utiliza\u021bi un mecanism de \u00eenc\u0103rcare cu greutate moart\u0103<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u0103surarea grosimii cu o precizie de cel pu\u021bin \u00b10,01 mm<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aplica\u021bi o for\u021b\u0103 de 0,56 \u00b1 0,05 N<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Include puncte de gabarit superioare \u0219i inferioare aliniate<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Men\u021bine\u021bi o mi\u0219care vertical\u0103 lin\u0103 \u00een timpul m\u0103sur\u0103rii<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Punctele de m\u0103surare \u00een sine ar trebui s\u0103 prezinte:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Construc\u021bie din o\u021bel c\u0103lit<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>60 \u00b1 2\u00b0 geometrie conic\u0103<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Raza v\u00e2rfului rotunjit de 0,8 \u00b1 0,1 mm<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Deoarece utilizarea repetat\u0103 poate toci v\u00e2rfurile sau poate provoca o aliniere gre\u0219it\u0103, calibrarea de rutin\u0103 cu blocuri de grosime certificate este esen\u021bial\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Geometria incorect\u0103 a punctului de m\u0103surare poate duce la rezultate inexacte \u0219i la repetabilitate redus\u0103.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Echipament de testare recomandat pentru ASTM D5994<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Cell Instruments poate furniza sisteme personalizate de m\u0103surare a grosimii geomembranelor pentru testarea ASTM D5994. Un tester de grosime dedicat greut\u0103\u021bii moarte cu puncte de m\u0103surare de precizie ajut\u0103 laboratoarele s\u0103 ob\u021bin\u0103 m\u0103sur\u0103tori stabile \u0219i repetabile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>FTT-01 ofer\u0103 mai multe avantaje pentru m\u0103surarea grosimii geomembranelor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>PLC + ecran tactil HMI pentru operare intuitiv\u0103<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Op\u021biuni de testare programabile pentru proceduri flexibile de control al calit\u0103\u021bii<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ridicarea automat\u0103 a piciorului presorului pentru a reduce deteriorarea specimenului \u0219i a \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi repetabilitatea<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Afi\u0219area statisticilor \u00een timp real, inclusiv valorile maxime, minime, media \u0219i abaterea standard<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Microimprimant\u0103 op\u021bional\u0103 \u0219i comunicare RS-232 pentru ie\u0219irea datelor trasabile<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sisteme op\u021bionale de alimentare manual\u0103 sau automat\u0103 pentru testarea volumelor mari<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rezolu\u021bie ridicat\u0103 de 0,1 \u03bcm pentru detectarea varia\u021biilor subtile de grosime<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Interval de testare personalizabil dincolo de configura\u021bia standard de la 0 la 2 mm<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Un tester de grosime de \u00eenalt\u0103 rezolu\u021bie cu \u00eenc\u0103rcare stabil\u0103 \u0219i pozi\u021bionare repetabil\u0103 este esen\u021bial pentru ob\u021binerea unor rezultate exacte ASTM D5994.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00centreb\u0103ri frecvente<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;autoclose&quot;: false, &quot;accordionItems&quot;: [] }\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/accordion\" role=\"group\" class=\"wp-block-accordion is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-is-layout-flow\">\n<div data-wp-class--is-open=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;id&quot;: &quot;accordion-item-1&quot;, &quot;openByDefault&quot;: false }\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initAccordionItems\" data-wp-on-window--hashchange=\"callbacks.hashChange\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-item is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-item-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-item-1-panel\" data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.toggle\" data-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.handleKeyDown\" id=\"accordion-item-1\" type=\"button\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle\"><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-title\">Ce m\u0103soar\u0103 ASTM D5994?<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">+<\/span><\/button><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div inert aria-labelledby=\"accordion-item-1\" data-wp-bind--inert=\"!state.isOpen\" id=\"accordion-item-1-panel\" role=\"region\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-panel is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-panel-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>ASTM D5994 m\u0103soar\u0103 grosimea miezului geomembranelor texturate prin determinarea grosimii minime dintre v\u0103ile suprafe\u021bei texturate.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-class--is-open=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;id&quot;: &quot;accordion-item-2&quot;, &quot;openByDefault&quot;: false }\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initAccordionItems\" data-wp-on-window--hashchange=\"callbacks.hashChange\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-item is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-item-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-item-2-panel\" data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.toggle\" data-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.handleKeyDown\" id=\"accordion-item-2\" type=\"button\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle\"><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-title\">De ce este ASTM D5994 diferit de metodele standard de grosime?<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">+<\/span><\/button><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div inert aria-labelledby=\"accordion-item-2\" data-wp-bind--inert=\"!state.isOpen\" id=\"accordion-item-2-panel\" role=\"region\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-panel is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-panel-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Metodele standard de m\u0103surare a grosimii piciorului plat pot m\u0103sura \u00een\u0103l\u021bimea asperit\u0103\u021bilor de suprafa\u021b\u0103. Metoda ASTM D5994 m\u0103soar\u0103 \u00een mod specific grosimea miezului sub profilul texturii.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-class--is-open=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;id&quot;: &quot;accordion-item-3&quot;, &quot;openByDefault&quot;: false }\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initAccordionItems\" data-wp-on-window--hashchange=\"callbacks.hashChange\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-item is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-item-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-item-3-panel\" data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.toggle\" data-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.handleKeyDown\" id=\"accordion-item-3\" type=\"button\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle\"><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-title\">De ce solicit\u0103 ASTM D5994 trei m\u0103sur\u0103tori pe specimen?<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">+<\/span><\/button><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div inert aria-labelledby=\"accordion-item-3\" data-wp-bind--inert=\"!state.isOpen\" id=\"accordion-item-3-panel\" role=\"region\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-panel is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-panel-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Suprafa\u021ba texturat\u0103 poate varia \u00een cadrul specimenului. Efectuarea a trei m\u0103sur\u0103tori \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021be\u0219te repetabilitatea \u0219i ajut\u0103 la identificarea grosimii minime reale.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-class--is-open=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;id&quot;: &quot;accordion-item-4&quot;, &quot;openByDefault&quot;: false }\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initAccordionItems\" data-wp-on-window--hashchange=\"callbacks.hashChange\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-item is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-item-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-item-4-panel\" data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.toggle\" data-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.handleKeyDown\" id=\"accordion-item-4\" type=\"button\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle\"><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-title\">Care este for\u021ba necesar\u0103 pentru testarea ASTM D5994?<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">+<\/span><\/button><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div inert aria-labelledby=\"accordion-item-4\" data-wp-bind--inert=\"!state.isOpen\" id=\"accordion-item-4-panel\" role=\"region\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-panel is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-panel-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>ASTM D5994 specific\u0103 o for\u021b\u0103 de 0,56 \u00b1 0,05 N aplicat\u0103 prin dispozitivul de m\u0103surare a grosimii greut\u0103\u021bii moarte.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-class--is-open=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;id&quot;: &quot;accordion-item-5&quot;, &quot;openByDefault&quot;: false }\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initAccordionItems\" data-wp-on-window--hashchange=\"callbacks.hashChange\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-item is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-item-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-item-5-panel\" data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.toggle\" data-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.handleKeyDown\" id=\"accordion-item-5\" type=\"button\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle\"><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-title\">De ce este \u00eenregistrat\u0103 cea mai mic\u0103 valoare?<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">+<\/span><\/button><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div inert aria-labelledby=\"accordion-item-5\" data-wp-bind--inert=\"!state.isOpen\" id=\"accordion-item-5-panel\" role=\"region\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-panel is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-panel-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Cea mai mic\u0103 valoare reflect\u0103 grosimea minim\u0103 local\u0103 \u00een v\u0103ile texturate, care reprezint\u0103 grosimea real\u0103 a miezului geomembranei.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-class--is-open=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;id&quot;: &quot;accordion-item-6&quot;, &quot;openByDefault&quot;: false }\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initAccordionItems\" data-wp-on-window--hashchange=\"callbacks.hashChange\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-item is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-item-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-item-6-panel\" data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.toggle\" data-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.handleKeyDown\" id=\"accordion-item-6\" type=\"button\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle\"><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-title\">Ce industrii utilizeaz\u0103 \u00een mod obi\u0219nuit ASTM D5994?<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">+<\/span><\/button><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div inert aria-labelledby=\"accordion-item-6\" data-wp-bind--inert=\"!state.isOpen\" id=\"accordion-item-6-panel\" role=\"region\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-panel is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-panel-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Industrii precum ingineria mediului, construc\u021bia depozitelor de de\u0219euri, mineritul, gestionarea apei \u0219i fabricarea geosinteticelor utilizeaz\u0103 frecvent <a href=\"https:\/\/store.astm.org\/d5994_d5994m-10r21.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">ASTM D5994<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ASTM D5994 ofer\u0103 o metod\u0103 standardizat\u0103 de m\u0103surare a grosimii miezului geomembranelor texturate utiliz\u00e2nd un indicator de grosime cu greutate moart\u0103 cu geometrie definit\u0103 a v\u00e2rfului \u0219i for\u021b\u0103 de \u00eenc\u0103rcare. Metoda se concentreaz\u0103 pe grosimea de la vale la vale mai degrab\u0103 dec\u00e2t pe \u00een\u0103l\u021bimea texturii de suprafa\u021b\u0103.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":true},"standard-category":[56],"class_list":["post-1103","standard","type-standard","status-publish","hentry","standard-category-astm"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.geo-tester.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standard\/1103","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.geo-tester.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standard"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.geo-tester.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/standard"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.geo-tester.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1103"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"standard-category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.geo-tester.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standard-category?post=1103"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}